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Objective@#To explore the interactions between voriconazole (VRC) and tacrolimus (Tac) in renal transplant recipients, provide dosing rationales for the clinical co-application of two drugs.@*Methods@#Based upon to the inclusion criteria, 17 renal transplantation recipients were selected from August 2012 to December 2016. Before taking VRC, Tac was prescribed for more than 2 days and a steady blood drug concentration was obtained, Tac trough concentrations were determined after using VRC at Day 3/5/7. The pharmacokinetic changes of Tac were analyzed after combined use of VRC.@*Results@#Among them, C0 and C0/D of Tac were significantly higher than those of VRC and inter-group differences were statistically significant. At Day 3, 5 and 7 of co-application, pharmacokinetic results showed that, at Day 7 of VRC dosing, Tac achieved a steady effective concentration of 3-8 μg/L. And the total reduction of Tac was 40%-100% of original dose.@*Conclusions@#In renal transplant recipients, VRC has a significant impact on Tac. Such an effect shows obvious differences between individuals because of nonlinear pharmacokinetics of VRC and path of interaction CYP3A4/CYP3A5 gene polymorphism. During co-application of VRC and Tac, drug concentration of Tac should be monitored regularly and its dosage adjusted accordingly. Individualized dosing is recommended.
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Objective To explore the interactions between voriconazole (VRC) and tacrolimus (Tac) in renal transplant recipients ,provide dosing rationales for the clinical co-application of two drugs .Methods Based upon to the inclusion criteria ,17 renal transplantation recipients were selected from August 2012 to December 2016 .Before taking VRC ,Tac was prescribed for more than 2 days and a steady blood drug concentration was obtained ,Tac trough concentrations were determined after using VRC at Day 3/5/7 .The pharmacokinetic changes of Tac were analyzed after combined use of VRC .Results Among them ,C0 and C0/D of Tac were significantly higher than those of VRC and inter-group differences were statistically significant . At Day 3 , 5 and 7 of co-application , pharmacokinetic results showed that , at Day 7 of VRC dosing , Tac achieved a steady effective concentration of 3-8 μg/L .And the total reduction of Tac was 40％-100％ of original dose .Conclusions In renal transplant recipients , VRC has a significant impact on Tac . Such an effect shows obvious differences between individuals because of nonlinear pharmacokinetics of VRC and path of interaction CYP3A4/CYP3A5 gene polymorphism .During co-application of VRC and Tac ,drug concentration of Tac should be monitored regularly and its dosage adjusted accordingly . Individualized dosing is recommended .
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OBJECTIVE: To probe into the safety and reasonability of TCM injection infusion prescription in outpatient and emergency department of hospitals in Tianjin.METHODS: Infusion prescriptions were randomly collected from outpatient and emergency department of secondary and three-tier hospitals in Tianjin.Reasonability of TCM injection intravenous infusion prescriptions were analyzed in respect of dosage and usage,compatibility and administration route.General information of patients and prescription were recorded.Primary data were classified,summarized and screened using EXCEL and the statistic data were calculated using SPSS11.0 software.RESULTS: 11 medical institutions were included and 2 309 TCM injection infusion prescriptions were collected within 4 days.Dosage and dosing interval of reasonable prescription accounted for 66.91% and 80.60% respectively.The safety compatibility proportion of prescriptions was only 58.64%.CONCLUSION: TCM injection infusion prescriptions in outpatient and emergency department of hospitals in Tianjin are reasonable while there is still some unreasonable compatibility of injection.
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OBJECTIVE: To prepare solid dispersion of berberine hydrochloride poloxamer 188. METHODS: Melting method was adopted to prepare solid dispersion. The influences of the ratio of the drug to poloxamer 188, melting temperature and cooling temperature on the dissolution of drugs were investigated. The difference of the dissolution between solid dispersion and physical mixture were explored. RESULTS: When the ratio of the drug to poloxamer 188 rose to 1 ∶ 1, the amount of the carrier was enough to distribute the drug evenly. Melting temperature had little influence on the dissolution of drugs while cooling temperature had strong influence on the dissolution of drugs. The fastest dissolution rate was achieved emerged when the cooling tempreture was 0℃. As compared with physical mixture, the dissolution rate of berberine hydroclride was nearly increased one time. CONCLUSION: Berberine hydrocloride poloxamer 188 solid dispersion improves the in vitro dissolution rate of berberine hydrocloride.